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Selling & Verification 3 min read

How options & variants work

Learn about option price modifiers, lazy variant materialization, stock calculations, cart keys, and builder locking rules.

Sellers can create custom item options and variants to manage different sizes, colors, or bundled options with custom pricing and stock.

1 Seller-Defined Options & Pricing Modifiers

Sellers can create option groups with custom price modifiers (stored in cents) and individual stock counts. The final item unit price equals "Buy Now Pirce" + "Option Price Modifier".

2 Variant Materialization, Cart Keys & Lock Rules

  • Lazy Materialization: ListingVariant models are materialized lazily as the minimum of option quantities and clamped via syncStockFromOptions().
  • Cart Keys: Cart items are keyed on their variants.
  • Option Builder Lock: The variant option builder is permanently locked against modifications once active bids or order purchases exist for the listing.
  • Platform Taxonomies: Size, Color, and Brand attributes are curated single-value platform taxonomies, distinct from seller-created variant options.
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